The processing process of bearing forgings

Aug 01, 2024

The processing process of bearing forgings is a complex and delicate process, which involves multiple links, each of which has a vital impact on the quality of the final product.

As a key component in mechanical equipment, the processing process of bearing forgings is directly related to the overall performance and operating stability of the equipment. Therefore, in-depth research on the processing process of bearing forgings is of great significance for improving product quality and reducing production costs. This article will introduce the processing process of bearing forgings in detail, including raw material preparation, heating, forging, quenching, tempering, and machining.

1. Raw material preparation

Material selection: The raw materials of bearing forgings are made of high-quality steel, usually high-quality alloy steel or stainless steel. These materials possess excellent wear resistance and mechanical properties, suitable for bearing use under harsh conditions such as high load and speed.

Inspection and finishing: Before processing, the raw materials need to be inspected and trimmed. The internal defects of the raw materials are detected by ultrasonic flaw detection, magnetic particle flaw detection, and other methods to ensure the quality of the raw materials. At the same time, the surface of the raw materials is polished, rust-removed, etc., to remove surface dirt and defects, laying the foundation for subsequent processing.

2. Heating

Heating equipment: The heating of bearing forgings is usually carried out by forging furnaces. Forging furnaces have the characteristics of fast heating speed and uniform temperature, which can meet the requirements of the heating process of bearing forgings.

Heating temperature and time: Control the heating temperature and time according to the different characteristics of the raw materials. Generally speaking, the heating temperature needs to reach a certain level so that the raw materials can reach an appropriate plastic state to facilitate the subsequent forging process. At the same time, the heating time should also be controlled according to the type, specification, and required shape and size of the raw materials to ensure uniform and sufficient heating.

3. Forging

Forging equipment: The forging of bearing forgings mostly uses equipment such as presses, reamers, and shaping machines. This equipment is highly precise and efficient, meeting the requirements for bearing forging processes.

Forging process: The heated raw materials are placed in the forging equipment for forging. During the forging process, the shape, size, and surface quality of the forgings need to be defined and finely controlled. During the forging process, it is necessary to pay attention to controlling the forging pressure and speed to avoid defects such as cracks and deformation in the forgings. At the same time, it is also necessary to conduct preliminary inspection and trimming of the forged forgings after forging to ensure that they meet the design requirements.

4. Quenching

Quenching temperature and time: Quenching is the process of heating the forging to a certain temperature (usually above the red-hot temperature) and then rapidly cooling it to below room temperature. The quenching temperature and time need to be precisely controlled according to the material and size of the forging to avoid excessive deformation and cracking of the forging.

Quenching medium: The quenching medium is usually oil or water. Oil cools slowly and is suitable for large forgings or forgings with lower requirements; water cools quickly and is suitable for small forgings or forgings with higher requirements. Choosing a suitable quenching medium can ensure that the forgings obtain good hardness and toughness.

5. Tempering

Tempering temperature and time: After quenching, the bearing steel forgings need to be tempered to improve the hardness and toughness of the forgings. The tempering temperature and time need to be precisely controlled according to the material and size of the forgings to ensure that the forgings obtain ideal mechanical properties.

Tempering equipment: Tempering is usually carried out in a tempering furnace. The tempering furnace has the characteristics of uniform temperature and high temperature control accuracy, which can meet the requirements of the tempering process of bearing forgings.

6. Mechanical processing

Processing equipment: Bearing steel forgings that have been quenched and tempered need to be machined to achieve the specified size and surface accuracy. Machining equipment includes lathes, milling machines, grinders, etc. This equipment offers high precision and efficiency for bearing forging processes.

Processing process: During the machining process, it is necessary to select appropriate processing equipment and tools according to the shape, size, and surface quality of the forging. At the same time, it is also necessary to process according to the specified process parameters to ensure the processing accuracy and surface finish. The processed forgings need to be quality inspected and packaged to ensure that they meet the design requirements and are ready for shipment.

The processing process of bearing forgings is a complex and delicate process, which involves multiple links such as raw material preparation, heating, forging, quenching, tempering, and machining. Each link is meticulously scrutinized to guarantee the outstanding quality of the end product. By in-depth research on the processing process of bearing forgings, the production process can be optimized, product quality can be improved and production costs can be reduced. At the same time, with the continuous advancement of science and the continuous innovation of technology, the processing process of bearing forgings will be perfect and efficient.