Application of rolling bearings in crushers

Jul 18, 2024

As an important equipment in mining, construction, metallurgy and other industries, crushers are used to crush materials of various hardnesses to meet the requirements of subsequent processes. As one of the core components of crushers, the performance of bearings is directly related to the operating efficiency and production safety of crushers.

Crushers are mechanical equipment that crushes materials into the required particle size by extrusion, shearing, impact, etc. According to different crushing methods, crushers can be divided into jaw crushers, cone crushers, impact crushers, hammer crushers, etc. Bearings are an indispensable component of crushers. They support the rotating parts of crushers, bear huge loads and friction, and are the key to the normal operation of crushers.

Application of bearings in crushers

Selection and design of bearings

In crushers, the selection and design of bearings are crucial. First of all, it is necessary to determine the type, size, material, etc., of bearings based on factors such as the model, working conditions, and material characteristics of the crusher. For example, in high-speed crushers, high-precision and high-speed bearings are required, while under heavy-load conditions, bearings with strong load-bearing capacity need to be selected. In addition, the design of the bearing also needs to consider the convenience of its installation, disassembly and maintenance to ensure the normal operation of the crusher.

Bearing installation and commissioning

Bearing installation and commissioning are important links in the use of the crusher. When installing the bearing, it is necessary to ensure the cleanliness and flatness of the bearing seat, bearing cover, and other parts to avoid bearing damage due to impurities or unevenness. At the same time, it is also necessary to operate according to the prescribed installation steps and methods, such as using special tools, adjusting the preload, etc. During the commissioning process, the bearing needs to be lubricated, inspected, tested, etc., to ensure its normal operation and stable performance.

Bearing maintenance and care

Bearing maintenance and care are the keys to ensuring the long-term stable operation of the crusher. During use, the bearing needs to be cleaned, lubricated, inspected, and other maintenance work regularly. When cleaning, it is necessary to remove impurities such as oil and dust on the surface of the bearing; when lubricating, it is necessary to select suitable lubricants and lubrication methods to ensure that the bearing is in good lubrication condition; when inspecting, it is necessary to observe the operation, temperature, sound and other parameters of the bearing, and promptly discover and deal with abnormal conditions. In addition, it is also necessary to pay attention to the replacement cycle and replacement standards of the bearing to avoid the crusher from shutting down or damaging due to bearing damage.

Crusher bearing types

Rolling bearings are widely used in crushers, mainly including the following types:

Ball bearings: Mainly suitable for small and medium-sized crushers, with simple structure, small size, and large load capacity. However, the contact angle of ball bearings is small, which is easy to cause contact stress concentration, and attention should be paid to correct installation and lubrication.

Tapered roller bearings: Mainly suitable for large crushers, can carry out large radial and axial loads, and have the advantages of high axial stiffness and high thrust bearing capacity. However, its processing and installation are relatively complicated, and attention should be paid to the matching degree of the inner and outer conical surfaces.

Cylindrical roller bearings: Suitable for crusher equipment with large loads and medium and low speeds, with strong load-bearing capacity, large contact area, and easy installation and adjustment. However, it should be noted that it is easy to produce deviation and unstable rolling action under high speed and large axial load.

Deep groove ball bearings: This is one of the most common bearings and is widely used in various types of crushers. It has a simple structure which can withstand large radial and axial loads.

Sliding bearings: Sliding bearings are divided into liquid sliding bearings and gas sliding bearings, but their application in crushers is relatively small.

Common problems and solutions of bearings in crushers

Bearing heating problem

Bearing heating is one of the common problems in the use of crushers. The reasons may be that the dust generated inside the bearing needs to be cleaned in time, the bearing is severely worn, etc. In order to solve this problem, it is necessary to keep the inside of the crusher clean and clean the internal dust in time; at the same time, during the cleaning process, pay attention to whether the bearing needs to be lubricated and whether it is worn, and solve it in time if necessary.

Bearing wear problem

Bearing wear is another common problem in the use of crushers. The reasons may be improper selection of bearing materials, improper installation, poor lubrication, etc. In order to solve this problem, it is necessary to select suitable bearing materials and lubrication methods, pay attention to the installation position and preload of the bearing during installation, and check the wear of the bearing regularly and replace it in time during use.

Bearing fracture problem

Bearing fracture is one of the more serious problems in the use of crushers. The reasons may be unqualified bearing material quality, overload operation, etc. In order to solve this problem, it is necessary to select reliable bearing materials and pay attention to avoid overload operation and abnormal impact during use; at the same time, it is necessary to regularly check the operation and wear of the bearing and deal with it in time.

The application of bearings in crushers is a complex and important process. The normal operation and production safety of the crusher can be ensured by selecting the right bearing type, performing correct installation and commissioning, strengthening maintenance, and timely handling of common problems. In the future, with the advancement of science and technology and the development of industry, crushers will become more intelligent and efficient, and the performance requirements for bearings will also be more stringent. Therefore, we need to continue to learn and explore new methods to improve the application level of bearings in crushers.